The attachment to the Prophet is a common feature shared by all the individuals, groups and communities that regard themselves as Muslims, whether they are Sunni or Shiite, attached to the spirit or the letter of Islam, and proponents of Reformism or Secularism. The prophetic model, transmitted by Sunna and taken over by forms of piety that were already at work in the medieval period, evolved from the modern period onwards within the Sunni and Shi’i milieus. It even became a fundamental source for personal development, due to its internal dimension and its emotional power. On the political level, the reference to the Prophet played a major symbolic role when new dynasties arose, whether in Morocco with the Alawi kingdom or in Iran with the Safavids. By promoting a multidisciplinary approach, this project thus aims at shedding new light on the history of these representations and practices.